The Present Continuous Tense. Настоящее длительное время в английском языке
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Образование форм:
1. утвердительной
| Subject Подлежащее |
BE Вспомогательный глагол |
-ING form Смысловой глагол |
| I | am | singing |
| You | are | singing |
| He | is | singing |
| She | is | singing |
| It | is | singing |
| We | are | singing |
| They | are | singing |
2. отрицательной
| Positive sentence Утвердительное предложение |
Negative sentence Отрицательное |
Contracted negative Отрицательное (сокращенная форма) |
| I am eating. | I am not eating. | I'm not eating. |
| You are working. | You are not working | You aren't working. |
| He is driving. | He is not driving. | He isn't driving. |
| She is teaching. | She is not teaching. | She isn't teaching. |
| It is raining. | It is not raining. | It isn't raining. |
| We are reading. | We are not reading. | We aren't reading. |
| They are writing. | They are not writing. | They aren't writing. |
3. вопросительной
| Statement Утвердительное предложение |
Yes/no question Общий вопрос |
WH- question Специальный вопрос |
| I am eating. | Am I eating? | What am I eating? |
| You are crying. | Are you crying? | Why are you crying? |
| He is going. | Is he going? | Where is he going? |
| She is arriving. | Is she arriving? | When is she arriving? |
| It is sleeping. | Is it sleeping? | Why is it sleeping? |
| We are leaving. | Are we leaving? | When are we leaving? |
| They are fighting. | Are they fighting? | Why are they fighting? |
Употребление:
1) actions happening at the moment of speaking
Для описания действия происходящего в момент речи
She is writing a letter to her friend now.
2) fixed plan in the near future
Для описания запланированного действия ( с глаголами to go, to come, to leave, to start, to move, to return)
She is going to Basel on Saturday.
3) temporary actions
Для описания действия происходящего в настоящий период времени
His father is working in Rome this month.
What book are you writing now?
4) trends
Для передачи меняющихся ситуаций
More and more people are using their computers to listen to music.
5) repeated actions which are irritating to the speaker (with always, constantly, forever)
Для описания типичного действия, вызывающего раздражение, неодобрение говорящего.
Andrew is always coming late.
Как правило в предложении есть указатель - always, constantly, которые на русский переводятся как вечно.
В английском есть глаголы, которые обычно не употребляются в Present Progressive: be, believe, belong, hate, hear, like, love, mean, prefer, remain, realize, see, seem, smell, think, understand, want, wish
We sometimes use these words in the Present Progressive in the following situations:
He's seeing his father tomorrow. (fixed date)(see-имеет значение "встретиться")
They are having a great time in Kapstadt. (have as an activity verb)(have-имеет значение"проводить")
What's the matter with you? What are you thinking? - (to be worried about sth.)
